Fluidized Bed Incinerators 101

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fluidized bed incineratorWhat is a Fluidized Bed Incinerator?

A Fluidized Bed Incinerator uses a bed of hot sand or other granular material to transfer heat directly to waste. It is commonly used for destroying municipal sludge.

Construction of a Fluidized Bed Incinerator

  • Sizing based on heat balance air and gas volumes
  • Auxiliary fuel choice (typically oil, gas, or dual fuel)
  • Overbed air option for highly volatile wastes
    • Improves reactor temperature profile
    • Improves efficiency in turndown conditions
    • Usually results in smaller dome diameter
    • Generally not required for hot windbox municipal sludge incinerators (overbed air is not preheated)

Fluidized Bed Incinerator Heat Recovery

  • Typical for municipal applications
  • Minimal auxiliary fuel requirements
  • Refractory dome distributor
    • Developed by Dorr-Oliver in the 1950s
    • Low risk design up to 22’ diameter dome
  • Air preheater is a proven low-risk design
  • Typical preheated air temperatures to 1200°F (air preheat to over 1400°F is possible when required)

Material Movement in a Fluidized Bed Incinerator:

material movement within a fluidized bed incinerator

Fluidized Bed Incinerator Instrumentation and Controls

  • Fluidized Bed Incinerators can be built, or rebuilt with state-of-the-art control systems.  Advanced Process Controls can be used to optimize the system for maximum product yield, product quality, and fuel savings.
  • Control packages can be customized to give the customer a fully automated machine, to a basic package that requires manual intervention at every step.
  • All systems can be automated.

Fluidized Bed Incinerator instrumentation and controls